From: Aqueous chemistry of anthropogenically contaminated Bengaluru lakes
Parameter | Mixed wastewater samples | Lake samples | Average values (mg L− 1) of Bengaluru city groundwater samples [36] | Average values (mg L− 1) of IISc groundwater samples [37] | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 | Minimum | Median | Maximum | Minimum | Median | Maximum | ||
pH | 7.15 | 7.18 | 7.9 | 6.0 | 8.8 | 10.3 | – | – |
HCO3− (mg L− 1) | 109 | 305 | 551 | 80 | 109 | 344 | 341 | 165 |
Cl− (mg L− 1) | 95 | 100 | 102 | 36 | 66 | 102 | 181 | 50 |
SO42− (mg L−1) | 6 | 10 | 20 | 7 | 40 | 319 | 88 | 12 |
NO3− (mg L− 1) | 0.5 | 0.7 | 2.5 | 0.0 | 3.5 | 9.0 | 53.0 | – |
Ca2+ (mg L−1) | 46 | 53 | 78 | 17 | 25 | 90 | 117 | 38 |
Mg2+ (mg L−1) | 20 | 20 | 24 | 7 | 14 | 40 | 53 | 15 |
Na+ (mg L−1) | 73 | 87 | 95 | 20 | 57 | 92 | 97 | 39 |
K+ (mg L−1) | 17 | 19 | 20 | 8 | 13 | 16 | 6 | – |
NH4+ (mg L−1) | 16 | 29 | 50 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 4 | – | – |
TDS (mg L−1) | 591 | 683 | 811 | 173 | 359 | 882 | 770 | 234 |
COD (mg L−1) | 54 | 83 | 99 | 12 | 42 | 67 | – | – |
DO (mg L−1) | 0.1 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 4.1 | 7.5 | 15.0 | – | – |
Chl-a (μg L−1) | – | – | – | BDL | 4 | 19 | – | – |