From: Microbial formulation and growth of cereals, pulses, oilseeds and vegetable crops
Sl No. | Name of EM | Prebiotic/carrier/base | Carrier compositions | Compositional importance for microbes | Effect on EM shelf-life | Remarks | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1. | Self-formulated EM Bokashi (solid EM formulation but prepared using liquid carrier) | Molasses | Carbohydrates (major constituent), vitamins, minerals, water and fat (trace quantity) | Microbes used carbohydrates as energy and carbon sources, minerals as micronutrients and vitamins as enzyme cofactors | – | Beneficial effects of the fermented organic fertilizer based on molasses could contribute to crop growth will depend upon the organic and viable microbial content of EM Bokashi | [1] |
2. | Self-formulated EM | Molasses (1–10% dilution of original molasses) | Carbohydrates (major constituent), vitamins, minerals, water and fat (trace quantity) | Microbes used carbohydrates as energy and carbon sources, minerals as micronutrients and vitamins as enzyme cofactors | – | EM used to treat sewage that reduces malodour, turbidity, TDS, TSS, BOD and COD contents significantly | [61] |
3. | – | Landfill lechate | Organic carbon, Ca, Mg, Na, K, Fe, Cl−, SO42−, PO43− | Microbes used organic carbon as energy and carbon source, SO42− and PO43− as macronutrients, and metal cations as micronutrients | – | – | [62] |
4. | – | Landfill lechate | Organic carbon, fatty acids, NH4+, PO43−, Cl−, Na, Mg, K, Ca, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, Pb. | Microbes used organic carbon as energy and carbon source, NH4+ and PO43− as macronutrients, and metal cations as micronutrients | – | – | [63] |
5. | Self-formulated EM | Humic acid | Carboxyl and phenolic groups may contain cations (Mg2+, Ca2+, Fe2+, Fe3+). | Microbes used it as food (energy and carbon) source and used constituent cations as micronutrient or cofactors | – | The cell viability in EM formulation was increased and the corresponding EM application inhibited the wilt tomato plant | [64] |
6. | Self-formulated EM | Coconut water and polyvinyl pyrrolidone or glycerol | Sugar, K, Na, Vitamins, polyvinyl pyrrolidone or glycerol | Microbes used sugar and gylcerol as energy and carbon source and vitamins as cofactor | – | Carrier could contribute to maintain microbes and resultant formulation brings positive impact on chilli and tomato seedlings | [65] |
7. | Self-formulated EM | Glycerol (2% v/v) | Gycerol | Microbes used glycerol for growth and metabolism | – | EM formulation reduces the wilt infection and increased banana yield | [66] |
8. | Self-formulated EM | Polyvinyl alcohol, xanthan gum or gelatin | Polyvinyl alcohol, xanthan gum or gelatin | Microbes supposed to use it as nutrient source | – | EM formulation enhances wheat yield. Additionally, increased microbial colonisation of root | [67] |