Table 5 Various EMs for formulation

Photosynthetic bacteria

Rhodopsedomonas palustris

Rhodobacter sphaeroides

1. Produces amino acids, nucleic acids, bioactive substances and sugars

2. Conducts photosynthesis

[20, 24, 25, 30, 32]

Lactic acid bacteria

Lactobacillus plantarum

Lactobacillus casei

Streptococcus lactis

1. Supresses and reduce pathogenic microbes

2. Expedites decomposition of organic matters

[20, 22, 24, 25, 30, 32]

Actinomycetes

Streptomyces albus

Streptomyces griseus

1. Produces antimicrobial substances to inhibit pathogens

2. Enhances the decomposition of phospholipid compounds

[11, 22, 24, 25, 30, 31]

Fermentative fungi

Aspergillus orizae

Mucor heimalis

1. Decomposes organic matter

2. Synthesises amino acids and glucose from carbohydrates

3. Control odours

[20, 29]

Yeast

Saccharmyces cerevisiae

Candida utilis

1. Degrades dead plant tissue and stimulate root growth

[20, 22, 24, 25, 30, 32]