Table 3 Kinetic parameters for Carbamazepine (CBZ) adsorption by graphene oxide nanoplatelet (GONP)

Pseudo 1st order

\( \log \left({q}_e-{q}_t\right)=\Big[\log {q}_e-\frac{k_1}{2.303} \) t]

Pseudo-1st order rate constant obtained from linear plots of log (q_e − q_t) vs. t.

min⁻¹

Quantity of CBZ adsorbed at equilibrium

mg g⁻¹

Correlation coefficient

Pseudo 2nd order

\( \frac{t}{q_t}=\frac{1}{k_2{q}_e^2}+\frac{t}{q_e} \)

Pseudo-2nd order rate constant determined from plot of t/q_t vs. t.

mg g⁻¹ min⁻¹

Quantity of CBZ adsorbed at equilibrium

mg g⁻¹

Correlation coefficient

Intraparticle diffusion

q_t = K_difft^1/2 + C

Intra-particle diffusion rate constant calculated from the slope of regression plot of q_t vs. t^1/2 where t is time (min).

mg g⁻¹ min^–1/2

Constant calculated from the intercept of regression plot of q_tvs. t^1/2 where t is time (min).

mg g⁻¹

Correlation coefficient

Elovich

\( {\mathrm{q}}_{\mathrm{t}}=\frac{1}{\beta}\ln \left(\upalpha \upbeta \right)+\frac{1}{\beta}\ln \left(\mathrm{t}\right) \)

Initial adsorption rate constant calculated from the intercept of liner plot of q_t vs. ln t

mg g⁻¹ min

Initial desorption rate constant calculated from the slope⁻¹ of liner plot of q_t vs. ln t.

mg g^− 1

Correlation coefficient