Table 4 Environmental impacts of systems without resources recovery
Category | Unit | SN-1 (RCL_LF) | SN-2 (RCL_CP_LF) | SN-3 (RCL_AD_LF) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Value | Process | Value | Process | Value | Process | ||
Fresh water eutrophication | kg P eq | 4.5 | Nutrients (99%) | 6.4 × 10 −4 | Phosphate (81%) | 1.7 × 10 −3 | Electricity (64%) |
| Â | Â | Â | Â | Diesel (18%) | Â | Phosphate (28%) | |
Human toxicity | kg1,4-DCB eq | 10.9 | LF of papers (69%) | 10.5 | LF of papers (71%) | 11.2 | LF of papers (67%) |
| Â | Â | LF of plastics (21%) | Â | LF of plastics (22%) | Â | LF of plastics (21%) | |
Particulate matter formation | kg PM10 | 0.05 | Diesel (80%) | 0.44 | NH3 (93%) | 0.28 | NH3 (82%). |
Fresh water ecotoxicity | kg 1,4-DCB eq | 0.86 | LF of papers (46.5%) | 0.83 | LF of papers (48%) | 0.86 | LF of papers (46%) |
| Â | Â | LF of plastics (43.0%) | Â | LF of plastics (45%) | Â | LF of plastics (43%) | |
Climate change | kg CO2 eq | 1305 | CH4 emission (94%) | 91 | CH4 emission (93%) | 274 | CH4 emission (97%) |
Terrestrial ecotoxicity | kg 1,4-DCB eq | 1.1 × 10 −3 | Diesel 35%) | 8.7 × 10 −4 | Transport (36%) | 8.9 × 10 −4 | Transport (35%) |
| Â | Â | Transport (27%) LF of plastics (24%) | Â | LF of plastics (32%) | Â | LF of plastics (31%) | |
Photochemical oxidant formation | kg NMVOC eq | 0.74 | CH4 (76%) | 0.14 | Diesel (28.5%) | 0.3 | NO2 (43%) |
| Â | Â | Diesel (18%) | Â | NO2 (28.5%) | Â | CH4 emission (40%) | |
| Â | Â | Â | Â | CH4 emission (21.4%) | Â | Diesel (10%) | |
Terrestrial acidification | kg SO2 eq | 0.11 | Diesel (64%) | 3.18 | NH3 emission (98%) | 1.86 | NH3 emission (94%) |