Gemini surfactant assisted synthesis of mesoporous Mn/Mg bimetal doped TiO2 nanomaterial: characterization and photocatalytic activity studies under visible light irradiation

Table 2 Crystallite size, band gap energy and BET surface area of undoped TiO₂ and all bimetal doped and surfactant-assisted TiO₂ catalysts calcined at 450 °C

Serial number	Nanomaterials	Crystallite size (nm)	Bandgap energy (eV)	BET surface analysis
Serial number	Nanomaterials	Crystallite size (nm)	Bandgap energy (eV)	Surface area (m² g⁻¹)	Pore volume (cm³ g^− 1)	Pore size (nm)
1	Undoped TiO₂	18.30	3.20	64.1	0.22	10
2	MMT1	12.87	2.97	84.7	0.23	7.3
3	MMT2	12.05	2.83	83.7	0.22	7.2
4	MMT3	11.37	2.79	94.9	0.23	9.3
5	MMT4	11.74	2.75	91.4	0.24	8.1
6	MMT5	10.86	2.68	112.0	0.24	7.0
7	MMT5-GS1	10.22	2.76	140.6	0.24	7.3
8	MMT5-GS2	7.21	2.66	230.2	0.25	6.4
9	MMT5-GS3	8.33	2.83	160.1	0.22	8.3

ISSN: 2468-2039