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Table 4 Gaseous species based on wavenumbers (cm− 1) and functional groups for pyrolysis studies

From: Co-thermal degradation characteristics of rice straw and sewage sludge

Sample Wavenumber range (cm−1) Peak (cm−1) Species Functional group Vibration Ref.
RS, SS, and their blend 2375–2250 2350, 2250 CO2 C=O Stretching This study
Wood, plastic, tire, and RDF 2400–2250 2350 [15]
Spruce and pine biomass 2400–2240 2359, 2322 [30]
Straw with absorbed glycerol 2400–2240 2360 [44]
Solid waste, paper mill sludge, and their blends 2400–2240   [45]
Marine sediment 2400–2240   [17]
Palm kernel shell from palm oil 2400–2250   [46]
RS, SS, and their blend 2167–2120 2170 CO C-O Stretching This study
Wood, plastic, tire, and RDF 2250–2000 2110, 2200 [15]
Coals, sawdust, RS, and corn stalk 2240–2027   [16]
Palm kernel shell from palm oil 2250–2000   [46]
Solid waste, paper mill sludge, and their blends   2178 [45]
Marine sediment 2240–2060   [17]
RS, SS, and their blend 3000–2600 2920 CH4 C-H Stretching This study
Wood, plastic, tire, and RDF   2930 [15]
Spruce and pine biomass 3000–2600 2897, 2821 [30]
Coals, sawdust, RS, and corn stalk 3045–2875   [16]
Palm kernel shell from palm oil 3000–2700   [46]
Straw with absorbed glycerol   3100 [44]
Solid waste, paper mill sludge, and their blends 3100–2850 3016 [45]
Marine sediment 3000–2880   [17]
RS, SS, and their blend 3964–3500 3800, 3600 H2O O-H Stretching This study
Wood, plastic, tire, and RDF 4000–3500   [15]
Coals, sawdust, RS, and corn stalk 1750–1250   [16]
Palm kernel shell from palm oil 4000–3400   [46]
Straw with absorbed glycerol 4000–3600   [44]
Solid waste, paper mill sludge, and their blends 4000–3500   [45]
Spruce and pine biomass 3900–3200 3853, 3568 [30]
RS, SS, and their blend 1900–1600 1750, 1720 CH3COOH C-O(H)   This study
Wood, plastic, tire, and RDF 1900–1600   C=O Stretching [15]
Spruce and pine biomass 1845–1500 1768, 1745 [30]
Coals, sawdust, RS, and corn stalk 1900–1603   [16]
Palm kernel shell from palm oil 1900–1650   [46]
Solid waste, paper mill sludge, and their blends 1850–1600   [45]
RS, SS, and their blend 1200–1100 1120 HCOOH C-O(H) Stretching This study
Wood, plastic, tire, and RDF   1400, 1745 [15]
Coals, sawdust, RS, and corn stalk 1200–1100   [16]
RS, SS, and their blend 1400–1200 1320. 1250 C6H5OH (Phenol) O-H Bending This study
Wood, plastic, tire, and RDF   1100, 1300 [15]
Spruce and pine biomass 1500–1325 1373 [30]
Coals, sawdust, RS, and corn stalk 1400–1200   [16]
Palm kernel shell from palm oil 1300–1200   C-O stretching [46]
RS, SS, and their blend 1279–1100 1100 CH3OH (Methanol) O-H Blending This study
Wood, plastic, tire, and RDF 3000–2900   [15]
Spruce and pine biomass 1300–950 1165, 1120 C-O Stretching [30]
Palm kernel shell from palm oil 1200–1000   [46]
Straw with absorbed glycerol 1130–1030 1055 [44]
RS, SS, and their blend 1600–1450 1470 Aromatic C-H Bending This study
Spruce and pine biomass 1000–650 669, 642 [30]
Palm kernel shell from palm oil 1690–1450   C=C Stretching [46]
Marine sediment 1600–1420   [17]
Solid waste, paper mill sludge, and their blends 1850–1600   Aldehyde C=O Stretching [45]
Straw with absorbed glycerol   1720 [44]
Marine sediment 1700–1600   
Palm kernel shell from palm oil 1460–1365   Alkanes C-C; C-H Stretching [46]
Marine sediment 850–736   NH3    [16]
  1. RDF Refuse-derived fuel
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Sustainable Environment Research

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