From: Optimization and kinetics studies of biodiesel synthesis from Jatropha curcas oil under the application of eco-friendly microwave heating technique: an environmentally benign and sustainable bio-waste management approach
Elements
Before calcination
After calcination
wt%
At%
Carbon (C)
13.6
23.5
2.3
6.5
Nitrogen (N)
5.1
7.6
N.D
Oxygen (O)
33.8
43.8
9.05
19.05
Sodium (Na)
1.2
1.1
Calcium (Ca)
46.4
24.0
88.6
74.4