Fig. 4From: Hollow and oval-configured ultrafine Co3O4 as a highly-efficient activator of monopersulfate for catalytic elimination of Azorubin S(a) ARS elimination by various catalytic systems: MPS only, adsorption, Co3O4 NP + MPS, and HOCO + MPS; (b) the corresponding calculated degradation kinetics (k) (min− 1) and reaction stoichiometric efficiency (RSE) values of different catalytic systems on ARS degradation (Reaction conditions: catalyst = MPS:100 mg L− 1, T = 30 °C)Back to article page