Table 7 Use of RHA for forming SRS
Reference | Soil | Treatment | Treatment content | Tests | Effects of treatment | Primary mechanism | Remarksa |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Basha et al. [74] | Residual soil | RHA; cement | 0–34% (RHA); 0–12% (cement) | Atterberg limits; compaction; UCS; durability; CBR | Increases OMC, UCS, CBR, and resistance and decreases MDD and plasticity | Cementation of hydration products | 6–8% of cement and 15–20% RHA show the optimum improvement |
Canakci et al. [79] | Expansive soil | RHA; rice husk powder; lignin | 0–10% (RHA); 0–20% (rice husk powder and lignin) | Atterberg limits; compaction; swelling; UCS | Increases UCS and plastic limit and decreases liquid limit, plasticity index, and swelling percentage | Cementation of hydration products | With increasing RHA content, the UCS increases |
Hossain [75] | Clayey soil | RHA; cement kiln dust | 0–20% (RHA and cement kiln dust) | Compaction; UCS; CBR; Atterberg limits; splitting tensile strength; modulus of elasticity; durability | Increases compressive and tensile strengths, modulus of elasticity, CBR, and durability | Cementation of hydration products | The level of improvement increases with an increase in additive content |
Sharma et al. [80] | Expansive soil | Lime; calcium chloride; RHA | 0–5% (lime); 0–2% (calcium chloride); 0–16% (RHA) | UCS; CBR | Increases UCS and CBR | Cementation of hydration products | The optimum RHA content was 12% |